BoJ Summary of Opinions

In Japan, interest rates are set by the Bank of Japan's Policy Board in its Monetary Policy Meetings. The BoJ's official interest rate is the discount rate. Monetary Policy Meetings produce a guideline for money market operations in inter-meeting periods and this guideline is written in terms of a target for the uncollateralized overnight call rate.

Westpac Leading Index MoM

0.1%

The Westpac-Melbourne Institute Leading Index of Economic Activity combines a selection of economic variables that typically lead fluctuations in economic activity into a single measure that provides a reliable cyclical indicator for the Australian economy. The index includes the following components: S&P/ASX 200, dwelling approvals, US industrial production, RBA Commodity Prices Index (A$), aggregate monthly hours worked, Westpac-MI CSI expectations index, Westpac-MI Unemployment expectations index, yield spread (10Y bond – 90D bill). The index has a base value of 100 as of 1996.

Balance of Trade

-864000000

New Zealand is greatly dependent on international trade. New Zealand's economy has traditionally been based on a foundation of exports from its very efficient agricultural system: dairy products, meat, forest products, fruit and beverages. New Zealand imports mainly vehicles, machinery and equipment, petroleum, electronics, plastics and aircraft. Its main trading partners are: China, Australia, the US, Japan and South Korea.

Exports

5860000000

New Zealand’s economy is greatly dependent on international trade. It’s been based traditionally on exports from its very efficient agricultural system. The country exports mainly dairy produce, birds' eggs, natural honey, edible products of animal origin (24 percent of total exports), meat and edible meat offal (14 percent), wood and articles of wood (7 percent), fruit and nuts, peel of citrus fruit or melons (5 percent) and beverages, spirits and vinegar (4 percent). The main export partners are China (18 percent of total exports), Australia (17 percent), the US (12 percent), Japan (6 percent), the UK and South Korea (3 percent each).

Imports

6730000000

New Zealand imports mainly vehicles (13 percent), nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances (13 percent), fuels (10 percent), electrical machinery and equipment (8 percent), plastics (4 percent) and aircraft, spacecraft (4 percent). Its major import partners are: China (20 percent of total imports), Australia and the US (12 percent each), Japan (7 percent), Germany (5 percent), Thailand and South Korea (4 percent each).

API Crude Oil Stock Change

Stocks of crude oil refer to the weekly change of the crude oil supply situation.

Consumer Confidence

103.9

In South Korea, the Composite Consumer Sentiment Index (CCSI) measures the level of optimism that consumers have about the performance of the economy. The index is based on a survey of around 2200 households. The CCSI is computed as a sum of six variables, including current living standards, prospective household income and prospective spending. A CCSI above 100 indicates an improving outlook and below 100 a deteriorating outlook.

5-Year Note Auction

Federal Tax Revenues

157000000000

Government Revenues refer to all receipts the government gets, including taxes, custom duties, revenue from state-owned enterprises, capital revenues and foreign aid. Government Revenues are part of government budget balance calculation.

52-Week Bill Auction

Industrial Production YoY

7%

In Russia, industrial production measures the output of businesses integrated in industrial sector of the economy. Manufacturing is the most important sector and accounts for 55 percent of total production. The biggest segments within manufacturing are: metallurgy (9.6 percent); coke and refined petroleum products (9.5 percent); food beverages and tobacco (8.4 percent); chemicals (4 percent); machinery and equipment (3.8 percent); transport (3.7 percent) and electrical equipment (3.4 percent). Mining and quarrying accounts for 35 percent, and natural gas and crude oil exploration represents 29 percent of total output. Also, electricity, gas and water supply accounts for 11 percent.

NY Fed Treasury Purchases TIPS 1 to 7.5 yrs

CB Consumer Confidence

115.8

Richmond Fed Manufacturing Index

16

The Richmond Manufacturing Index measures the conditions of the manufacturing sector for the District of Columbia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and most of West Virginia. The index is derived from a survey of 190 manufacturing plants and based on three individual index with the following weights: Shipments (33 percent), New Orders (40 percent) and Employment (27 percent). The index can range between +100 and -100; a reading above zero indicates expansion, while below zero suggests a contraction.

Richmond Fed Manufacturing Shipments Index

12

The Richmond Manufacturing Index measures the conditions of the manufacturing sector for the District of Columbia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and most of West Virginia. The index is derived from a survey of 190 manufacturing plants and based on three individual index with the following weights: Shipments (33 percent), New Orders (40 percent) and Employment (27 percent). The index can range between +100 and -100; a reading above zero indicates expansion, while below zero suggests a contraction.

Richmond Fed Services Index

12

The data come from the Fifth District Survey of Service Sector Activity. Respondents to the survey are firms located within the Fifth Federal Reserve District which includes the District of Columbia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and most of West Virginia. Respondents indicate whether measures of activity rose, were unchanged, or decreased since the last survey. The responses are converted into diffusion indexes by subtracting the percentage of reported decreases from the percentage of increases.

Business Confidence

3.6

In Belgium, the business confidence survey measures the level of optimism that people who run companies have about the current economic situation and how they feel about their organizations’ prospects in the next three months. Every month, a panel of around 6000 business leaders is contacted.

Economic Activity YoY

3.6%

In Portugal, economic activity year-on-year refers to the annual change of the coincident indicator for the Portuguese economy activity that includes eight major indicators: real GDP; retail sales volume (retail trade survey); sales of heavy commercial vehicles; cement sales; manufacturing production index; households’ financial situation (consumer survey); new job vacancies; and an external environment proxy.

Private Consumption YoY

6%

In Portugal, private consumption year-on-year refers to the annual change of the coincident indicator for the Portuguese personal consumption that includes eight major indicators: real private consumption; real retail trade turnover index; sales of light passenger vehicles; retail sales volume (trade survey); tourism nights spent by residents in Portugal; real industrial turnover index of consumer goods in the domestic market; households’ financial situation; and general economic situation (consumers’ survey).

House Price Index YoY

17.4%

The FHFA (Federal Housing Finance Agency) House Price Index measures month over month changes in average prices of single-family houses with mortgages guaranteed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

House Price Index MoM

1.1%

The FHFA (Federal Housing Finance Agency) House Price Index measures month over month changes in average prices of single-family houses with mortgages guaranteed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

House Price Index

The FHFA (Federal Housing Finance Agency) House Price Index measures month over month changes in average prices of single-family houses with mortgages guaranteed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

Redbook YoY

The Johnson Redbook Index is a sales-weighted of year-over-year same-store sales growth in a sample of large US general merchandise retailers representing about 9,000 stores. Same-store sales are sales in stores continuously open for 12 months or longer. By dollar value, the Index represents over 80% of the equivalent 'official' retail sales series collected and published by the US Department of Commerce. Redbook compiles the Index by collecting and interpreting performance estimates from retailers. The Index and its sub-groups are sales-weighted aggregates of these estimates. Weeks are retail weeks (Sunday to Saturday), and equally weighted within the month.

Manufacturing Sales MoM Prel

In Canada, Manufacturing Sales provides a current 'snapshot' of sales of goods manufactured values by the Canadian manufacturing sector, enabling analysis of the state of the Canadian economy, as well as the health of specific industries in the short- to medium-term.

Interest Rate Decision

2.4%

In Hungary, interest rates decisions are taken by the Monetary Council of the Hungarian National Bank (Magyar Nemzeti Bank). The main interest rate is the central bank base rate on refinancing credit maturing over one year that the Central Bank lends to financial institutions.

Deposit Interest Rate

2.4%

The Deposit Interest Rate is the average rate paid by commercial banks to individuals or corporations on deposits.

Economic Activity YoY

-0.7%

In Mexico, the overall index of economic activity measures the evolution of the real sector of the economy, in the short term, providing valuable information for decision-making.

Economic Activity MoM

-0.2%

In Mexico, the overall index of economic activity measures the evolution of the real sector of the economy, in the short term, providing valuable information for decision-making.

FGV Consumer Confidence

75.5

IBRE/FGV's monthly Consumer Confidence Survey is designed to capture the sentiment of consumers about the general state of economy and their personal finances. Happy and optimistic consumers are likely to spend more; unhappy and pessimistic consumers spend less. Consumer confidence can thus operate to induce or reduce economic growth. Monitoring consumer sentiment can produce signals about future spending and saving that are useful for anticipating what will happen to the economy in the short run. The IBRE/FGV studies obtain, among other information, consumer assessments and forecasts about the local and family economic situation at the time and for the following months, employment prospects, and intentions and likelihood of buying high-value goods in the next six months. The Consumer Confidence Survey was started in 2002, and data are collected from over 2,000 informants in seven major state capitals: Belo Horizonte, Brasilia, Porto Alegre, Recife, Salvador, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo.

Balance of Trade

-980000000

Luxembourg is an export-intensive economy. The country has traditionally imported most of its consumer goods and exported industrial products (steel). Exports now also include chemical and rubber products, finished glass and the most profitable financial services. The nation remains dependent on energy imports. European Union is by far its largest trading partner, accounting for about 84% of exports and 87% of imports.

Ifo Business Climate

94.7

In Germany, the IFO Business Climate Index measures entrepreneurs’ sentiment about current business situation and their expectations for the next 6 months. The survey is made by phone and covers 9,000 firms in manufacturing, the service sector, trade and construction. The Business Climate Balance is constructed as the difference between the percentage share of executives that are optimistic and the share that are pessimistic. This balance can take values between -100 (all responding firms assess their situation as poor and expect business to deteriorate) and +100 (all responding firms assessed their situation as good and expect an improvement in their business). For the calculation of the IFO Business Climate Index, the Balance is normalized to the average of a base year (currently 2015).

Ifo Current Conditions

96.9

Assessment of the Business Situation.

Ifo Expectations

92.6

Expectations With Regard to Business Developments in the Next 6 Months.

Gross Wage YoY

Gross wage measures the year over year change in gross monthly average earnings of full-time employees in the national economy.

PPI YoY

33.1%

Producer prices change refers to year over year change in price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market during a given period.

Public Sector Net Borrowing

-17400000000

In the UK, public sector net borrowing excluding public sector banks (PSNB ex) measures the gap between revenue raised (current receipts) and total spending (current expenditure plus net investment (capital spending less capital receipts)). Public sector net borrowing (PSNB) is often referred to by commentators as “the deficit”.

Capacity Utilization

78.7%

In Turkey, Capacity Utilization is a measure of how much of the economy's potential output is being used.

Business Confidence

106.1

In Turkey, the Business Tendency Survey (BTS) compiles the assessments of the senior managers on the recent past, current situation and their expectations regarding the future course of business environment in the manufacturing industry. A score above 100 indicates an optimistic outlook to the economic activities while below 100 points to a pessimistic outlook.

Unemployment Rate

6%

In Finland, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force.

Foreign Direct Investment YoY

-2.7%

In Indonesia, Foreign Direct Investment refers to the flows of the foreign direct investments received from abroad. The FDI data does not include investment in banking and oil and gas sectors.

Core Inflation Rate YoY

1.6%

In Singapore, the core inflation rate tracks changes in prices that consumers pay for a basket of goods excluding changes in the price of cars and accommodation, which are influenced more by government policies.

Leading Business Cycle Indicator MoM

0.1%

In South Africa, the Composite Leading Business Cycle Indicator examines the direction in which real economic activity is moving, in real time. It is calculated on the basis of the following components: building plans approved, new passenger vehicles sold, commodity price index for main export commodities, index of prices of all classes of shares traded on the JSE, job advertisements, volume of orders in manufacturing, real M1, average hours worked per factory worker in manufacturing, interest rate spread, composite leading business cycle indicator of the major trading-partner countries, business confidence index, gross operating surplus as a percentage of GDP. The index has a base value of 100 as of 2010.

Motorbike Sales YoY

67.4%

M2 Money Supply YoY

11%

Indonesia Money Supply M2 includes M1 plus short-term time deposits in banks.

Inflation Rate YoY

3%

In Australia, the most important categories in the consumer price index are housing (22.3 percent of the total weight), food and non–alcoholic beverages (16.8 percent), recreation and culture (12.6 percent), transport (11.6 percent), furnishings, household equipment and services (9.1 percent), alcohol and tobacco (7.1 percent), health (5.3 percent) and insurance and financial services (5.1 percent). Clothing and footwear, education and communication account for remaining 10.2 percent of total weight.

Inflation Rate QoQ

0.8%

Inflation Rate MoM measures month over month change in the price of goods and services.

RBA Weighted Median CPI YoY

2.1%

In Australia, the Weighted median is calculated using the quarterly price changes of all CPI components, with the annual rates based on compounded quarterly calculations.

RBA Weighted Median CPI QoQ

0.7%

In Australia, the Weighted median is calculated using the quarterly price changes of all CPI components, with the annual rates based on compounded quarterly calculations.

RBA Trimmed Mean CPI YoY

2.1%

In Australia, the Trimmed mean is calculated as the weighted mean of the central 70 percent of the quarterly price change distribution of all CPI components, with the annual rates based on compounded quarterly calculations.

RBA Trimmed Mean CPI QoQ

0.7%

In Australia, the Trimmed mean is calculated as the weighted mean of the central 70 percent of the quarterly price change distribution of all CPI components, with the annual rates based on compounded quarterly calculations.